Microbial Physiology
Bacterial and their environmental life
1. Psychrophiles or cryophiles (adj. cryophilic) are extremophilic organisms that are capable of growth and reproduction in cold temperatures, ranging from −20 °C to +10 °C. Among the bacteria that can tolerate extreme cold are Arthrobacter sp., Psychrobacter sp. and members of the genera Halomonas, Pseudomonas, Hyphomonas, and Sphingomonas.
Cold Environment temperature for Psychrophiles bacteria like in the north and south poles
2. A mesophile is an organism that grows best in moderate temperature, neither too hot nor too cold, typically between 20 and 45 °C (68 and 113 °F). Some notable mesophiles include Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. Other examples of species of mesophiles are Clostridium kluyveri, Pseudomonas maltophilia, Thiobacillus novellus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Moderate environment temperature for Mesophiles bacteria like in our normal temperature
3. A thermophile is an organism—a type of extremophile—that thrives at relatively high temperatures, between 41 and 122 °C (106 and 252 °F). Eg, Lactobacillus thermophilus, Thermo aquaticus, and etc.
High-temperature environment for Thermophiles bacteria like hot spring in Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone's, USA
4. A hyperthermophile is an organism that thrives in extremely hot environments—from 60 °C (140 °F) upwards. An optimal temperature for the existence of hyperthermophiles is above 80 °C (176 °F). Methanococcus jannaschii, Geothermobacterium ferrireducens n etc.
Extreme high-temperature environment for hyperthermophiles bacteria like lake of lava
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